ext-boost/boost/url/ipv6_address.hpp
2023-05-22 18:45:02 +10:00

399 lines
10 KiB
C++

//
// Copyright (c) 2019 Vinnie Falco (vinnie.falco@gmail.com)
// Copyright (c) 2022 Alan de Freitas (alandefreitas@gmail.com)
//
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// Official repository: https://github.com/boostorg/url
//
#ifndef BOOST_URL_IPV6_ADDRESS_HPP
#define BOOST_URL_IPV6_ADDRESS_HPP
#include <boost/url/detail/config.hpp>
#include <boost/url/error.hpp>
#include <boost/url/error_types.hpp>
#include <boost/url/string_view.hpp>
#include <boost/url/grammar/string_token.hpp>
#include <array>
#include <cstdint>
#include <iosfwd>
namespace boost {
namespace urls {
#ifndef BOOST_URL_DOCS
class ipv4_address;
#endif
/** An IP version 6 style address.
Objects of this type are used to construct,
parse, and manipulate IP version 6 addresses.
@par BNF
@code
IPv6address = 6( h16 ":" ) ls32
/ "::" 5( h16 ":" ) ls32
/ [ h16 ] "::" 4( h16 ":" ) ls32
/ [ *1( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 3( h16 ":" ) ls32
/ [ *2( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 2( h16 ":" ) ls32
/ [ *3( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" h16 ":" ls32
/ [ *4( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" ls32
/ [ *5( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" h16
/ [ *6( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"
ls32 = ( h16 ":" h16 ) / IPv4address
; least-significant 32 bits of address
h16 = 1*4HEXDIG
; 16 bits of address represented in hexadecimal
@endcode
@par Specification
@li <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4291"
>IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture (rfc4291)</a>
@li <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2"
>3.2.2. Host (rfc3986)</a>
@see
@ref ipv4_address,
@ref parse_ipv6_address.
*/
class ipv6_address
{
public:
/** The number of characters in the longest possible IPv6 string.
The longest IPv6 address is:
@code
ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
@endcode
@see
@ref to_buffer.
*/
// ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
// ::ffff:255.255.255.255
// 12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
// 1 2 3 4
static
constexpr
std::size_t max_str_len = 49;
/** The type used to represent an address as an array of bytes.
Octets are stored in network byte order.
*/
using bytes_type = std::array<
unsigned char, 16>;
/** Constructor.
Default constructed objects represent
the unspecified address.
@li <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4291#section-2.5.2"
>2.5.2. The Unspecified Address</a>
@see
@ref is_unspecified
*/
ipv6_address() = default;
/** Constructor.
*/
ipv6_address(
ipv6_address const&) = default;
/** Copy Assignment
*/
ipv6_address&
operator=(
ipv6_address const&) = default;
/** Construct from an array of bytes.
This function constructs an address
from the array in `bytes`, which is
interpreted in big-endian.
@param bytes The value to construct from.
*/
BOOST_URL_DECL
ipv6_address(
bytes_type const& bytes) noexcept;
/** Construct from an IPv4 address.
This function constructs an IPv6 address
from the IPv4 address `addr`. The resulting
address is an IPv4-Mapped IPv6 Address.
@param addr The address to construct from.
@par Specification
@li <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4291#section-2.5.5.2"
>2.5.5.2. IPv4-Mapped IPv6 Address (rfc4291)</a>
*/
BOOST_URL_DECL
ipv6_address(
ipv4_address const& addr) noexcept;
/** Construct from a string.
This function constructs an address from
the string `s`, which must contain a valid
IPv6 address string or else an exception
is thrown.
@note For a non-throwing parse function,
use @ref parse_ipv6_address.
@par Exception Safety
Exceptions thrown on invalid input.
@throw system_error
The input failed to parse correctly.
@param s The string to parse.
@par Specification
@li <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2"
>3.2.2. Host (rfc3986)</a>
@see
@ref parse_ipv6_address.
*/
BOOST_URL_DECL
ipv6_address(
string_view s);
/** Return the address as bytes, in network byte order
*/
bytes_type
to_bytes() const noexcept
{
return addr_;
}
/** Return the address as a string.
The returned string does not
contain surrounding square brackets.
When called with no arguments, the
return type is `std::string`.
Otherwise, the return type and style
of output is determined by which string
token is passed.
@par Example
@code
ipv6_address::bytes_type b = {{
0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 4,
0, 5, 0, 6, 0, 7, 0, 8 }};
ipv6_address a(b);
assert(a.to_string() == "1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8");
assert( ipv4_address(0x01020304).to_string() == "1.2.3.4" );
@endcode
@par Complexity
Constant.
@par Exception Safety
Strong guarantee.
Calls to allocate may throw.
String tokens may throw exceptions.
@return The return type of the string token.
If the token parameter is omitted, then
a new `std::string` is returned.
Otherwise, the function return type
is the result type of the token.
@param token An optional string token.
@par Specification
@li <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4291#section-2.2">
2.2. Text Representation of Addresses (rfc4291)</a>
*/
template<BOOST_URL_STRTOK_TPARAM>
BOOST_URL_STRTOK_RETURN
to_string(
BOOST_URL_STRTOK_ARG(token)) const
{
to_string_impl(token);
return token.result();
}
/** Write a dotted decimal string representing the address to a buffer
The resulting buffer is not null-terminated.
@throw std::length_error `dest_size < ipv6_address::max_str_len`
@return The formatted string
@param dest The buffer in which to write,
which must have at least `dest_size` space.
@param dest_size The size of the output buffer.
*/
BOOST_URL_DECL
string_view
to_buffer(
char* dest,
std::size_t dest_size) const;
/** Return true if the address is unspecified
The address 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 is called the
unspecified address. It indicates the
absence of an address.
@par Specification
@li <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4291#section-2.5.2">
2.5.2. The Unspecified Address (rfc4291)</a>
*/
BOOST_URL_DECL
bool
is_unspecified() const noexcept;
/** Return true if the address is a loopback address
The unicast address 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 is called
the loopback address. It may be used by a node
to send an IPv6 packet to itself.
@par Specification
@li <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4291#section-2.5.3">
2.5.3. The Loopback Address (rfc4291)</a>
*/
BOOST_URL_DECL
bool
is_loopback() const noexcept;
/** Return true if the address is a mapped IPv4 address
This address type is used to represent the
addresses of IPv4 nodes as IPv6 addresses.
@par Specification
@li <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4291#section-2.5.5.2">
2.5.5.2. IPv4-Mapped IPv6 Address (rfc4291)</a>
*/
BOOST_URL_DECL
bool
is_v4_mapped() const noexcept;
/** Return true if two addresses are equal
*/
friend
bool
operator==(
ipv6_address const& a1,
ipv6_address const& a2) noexcept
{
return a1.addr_ == a2.addr_;
}
/** Return true if two addresses are not equal
*/
friend
bool
operator!=(
ipv6_address const& a1,
ipv6_address const& a2) noexcept
{
return !( a1 == a2 );
}
/** Return an address object that represents the loopback address
The unicast address 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 is called
the loopback address. It may be used by a node
to send an IPv6 packet to itself.
@par Specification
@li <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4291#section-2.5.3">
2.5.3. The Loopback Address (rfc4291)</a>
*/
BOOST_URL_DECL
static
ipv6_address
loopback() noexcept;
// hidden friend
friend
std::ostream&
operator<<(
std::ostream& os,
ipv6_address const& addr)
{
char buf[ipv6_address::max_str_len];
auto const s = addr.to_buffer(
buf, sizeof(buf));
os << s;
return os;
}
private:
BOOST_URL_DECL
std::size_t
print_impl(
char* dest) const noexcept;
BOOST_URL_DECL
void
to_string_impl(
string_token::arg& t) const;
bytes_type addr_{{}};
};
/** Format the address to an output stream
This function writes the address to an
output stream using standard notation.
@return The output stream, for chaining.
@param os The output stream to write to.
@param addr The address to write.
*/
std::ostream&
operator<<(
std::ostream& os,
ipv6_address const& addr);
//------------------------------------------------
/** Parse a string containing an IPv6 address.
This function attempts to parse the string
as an IPv6 address and returns a result
containing the address upon success, or
an error code if the string does not contain
a valid IPv6 address.
@par Exception Safety
Throws nothing.
@return A result containing the address.
@param s The string to parse.
*/
BOOST_URL_DECL
result<ipv6_address>
parse_ipv6_address(
string_view s) noexcept;
} // urls
} // boost
#endif